Metacognition is the awareness and understanding of one's thinking processes to monitor and regulate learning.

• A. Feedback
• B. Metacognition
• C. Retrieval
• D. Encoding

Answer: (B)

Metacognition is about thinking about how you think and using that awareness to guide your learning. The statement captures this by emphasizing awareness of thinking processes and using that awareness to monitor and regulate learning—planning strategies, checking your understanding, and adjusting approaches as needed. This differentiates metacognition from encoding (how information gets into memory), retrieval (bringing information back out later), or feedback (external information about performance). So the best match is metacognition because it centers on conscious self-awareness and regulation of thinking during learning.