Self-Determination Theory posits three basic psychological needs. Which are they and how do they relate to motivation?

• A. Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness; satisfying these needs enhances intrinsic motivation, engagement, and persistence.
• B. Structure, Reward, Punishment; satisfying these needs ensures external motivation dominates.
• C. Autonomy, Confidence, Conformity; satisfying these needs lowers engagement.
• D. Control, Compliance, Competition; satisfying these needs reduces motivation.

Answer: (C)

Self-Determination Theory centers on three basic psychological needs: autonomy (feeling in control of one’s actions), competence (feeling effective and capable), and relatedness (feeling connected and cared for by others). When these needs are satisfied, people experience more autonomous motivation—doing activities because they are interesting or personally valuable—which leads to higher engagement and persistence. If these needs are thwarted, motivation tends to weaken, making effort feel pressured or not worth it. In learning and work settings, supporting autonomy by offering meaningful choices, fostering competence with appropriate challenges and constructive feedback, and nurturing relatedness through supportive collaboration boosts intrinsic motivation and sustained engagement. Other descriptions that mix external rewards or notions like conformity or compliance don’t align with SDT’s view of these universal, internal needs driving deep motivation.